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18.10.2015, 21:51 | |
UTILIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES The problem of rational utilization of natural
resources is of greatest importance all over the world today. There are two
main aspects of the problem: first — all natural resources are to be used more economically as they are not unlimited,
and second — measures are to be taken to prevent harmful effect of waste
products of industrial enterprises on the environment. Now, in the period of most intensive development of industry
and agriculture, the programme of nature conservation is of special importance.
According to this programme, practical measures on rational and economic utilization
of natural resources in different spheres of economy are planned. One of the means to solve both aspects of the problem
is to build complex enterprises. It means that the production process in the
complex must be organized so that waste products of one enterprise could be
utilized and processed by another. On the one hand, it will have great economic
effect, and, on the other hand, will protect air and water from pollution. Though complex enterprises will require rather big
capital investments, it is better
both from economic and ecological point of view to
prevent pollution of the atmosphere than to liquidate its effect. For example, it has been shown that under the
influence of air pollution the yield of wheat decreases by 40-60%. When we use natural resources we should be careful not
to destroy the balance of the biosphere in order to preserve nature not only
for people living now, but also for those who will live many thousand years
after. To realize measures to be taken for nature conservation,
to fulfil the programme on rational use and reproduction of natural resources,
cooperation of specialists in different spheres of science and practical
activities is wanted. To
solve ecological problems sociologists, biologists, economists, physicists,
biochemists, mathematicians, geologists, agronomists, foresters, engineers are
coordinating their work. That is why some basic information on ecology is to be
part of professional education of specialists in different spheres of science.
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